Sunset at El Palmar Surf School

Panama is an isthmus with fantastic beaches. Those seeking all-inclusive resorts with swim-up bars can write for recommendations. On the other end of the spectrum is Old Panama… beaches with family-run palapas, just steps from your room, where more locals than tourists share stories and cervezas. This is the subject of today’s post.

Playa El Palmar is home to a surf school, hotel and beachfront kitchen just steps from the owner Enrique’s home. He has been building this oasis for 12 years. Gentlemen like Tilcio & Jose help him take care of guests in this 10-room hideaway just one kilometer off of the Pan American Highway next to the quaint pueblo of San Carlos. After a day in the sun, walk to El Congrejo, a local watering hole with wonderful ambiance.

Our favorite Pacific Beach is still Playa Venao where you can stay at an old ranch, but the tip of the Azuero Peninsula is remote. Impossible to beat is Las Lajas in Chiriqui where you can walk forever on the softest sand no matter the tide. El Palmar completes our top three authentic Panama beach breaks because of its rustic charm and accessibility. No condominium towers, no uniforms, no buffets. Check out El Palmar Surf School for pure Panama!

Cacao was introduced to Europe by the Spanish around 1585, the date of the first recorded commercial shipment of chocolate from Veracruz, Mexico to Seville. Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus named the tree ‘Theobroma’ which means “food of the gods”.  Cacao beans were historically used as a currency, serving in the place of small coins as recently as 1840 on Mexico’s Yucatán peninsula.

The largest producers of cacao in the Americas are Brazil, Ecuador & Venezuela with a combined market share of 10%.

The best quality cocoa beans are from the Criollo variety. Criollo cacao can be enjoyed directly from the pod and, properly fermented, maintains natural sweetness. When used commercially, the Criollo variety requires less sugar which is why 70% – 85% cacao dark chocolate bars are possible.  Gourmet chocolate represents roughly 4% of the world’s annual cacao production, a market of 160,000 short tons per year.

The main source for Criollo beans today is Venezuela’s Hacienda San José, www.cacaosanjose.com , with representatives in France, Switzerland and Spain. This hacienda has 200 hectares of Criollo cacao with an average density of 1,000 trees per hectare.

Criollo cacao is prevalent throughout C. America, with crop development occurring from Guatemala to Panama, where it thrives in rain-forested regions to an altitude of 2000′.

In Panama, cacao cultivated by indigenous growers produces a superior product preferred by chocolate aficionados over products produced by newcomers to this exotic crop, according to French Cacao Broker Mathilde Grand of Isla Colon’s Starfish Cafe.

Grand’s “Citizens Chocolate” markets tribal cocoa spheres, a hand-crafted organic product from a cooperative in Bocas del Toro on the Caribbean coast of Panama.  This region is home to the Ngobe-Buglé whose autonomous lands stretch between International Park Amistad to the coast of the Caribbean Bastimento Nature Reserve.   In the shade of their jungles, cacao is cared for and harvested using sustainable indigenous traditions.  After collecting the ripe pods, the seeds are removed, brought to fermentation then put out in the sun to dry for several days.  Once dried, the seeds are roasted over a fire, ground and rolled into spheres that are perfect for baking or melting into water, milk, and spices for a delicious drink.

© Mathilde Grand

For more details, enter a comment below!

This post is comprised of excerpts from the article “Cacao: a crop ready for new investment?”, written for Alternative Latin Investor‘s next issue. Photos by Mathilde Grand ©

Panama on your left, Costa Rica on your right.

The border between Panama and Costa Rica is very appealing, as borders go, an example of how neighbors can coexist with dignity, peace, and brotherhood. There are no fences, hi-tech surveillance equipment, or gates to herd people into lines. Driving down a dirt road toward Puerto Armuelles, turning left takes you into a Panamanian driveway while turning right allows you access to a Costa Rican driveway. It’s that simple.

When it’s time to officially exit one country for the other, passports can be presented at the appropriate immigration desks for processing. The Paso Canoas crossing is amidst a free trade zone.  Visitors amble back and forth shopping, dining, and visiting friends and families without having to present any identification, unless planning to go into the interior.

When headed to the interior, first-time visitors have to look to find the proper immigration desk, because they are not situated in a linear this side/that side fashion.  This is so refreshing compared to the US-Mexico border, which is uncivilized to the point of being hostile.  You can actually process out of Panama, stop for tacos and pick up some supplies in town, and then process into Costa Rica, or vice versa.  The town is united, not divided.

The town of Paso Canoas is not much too look at. It is more like a Wild West town.  However, the people are friendly and there is good food and decent lodging. Everyone accepts U.S. dollars and Panamanian merchants accept Colónes.

There is another border crossing at Sixaola and Guabito which is also wild, an off-the-beaten track border post that mostly sees visitors to and from International Park Amistad.  Amistad is Spanish for friendship and the park, an UNESCO World Heritage Site, is in both Panama and Costa Rica.  A bridge facilitates the crossing.  Here again, formalities are relaxed but there are limited hours, few stores and bars, and no lodging or dining options.

To experience the Osa Peninsula’s incredible biodiversity, you’ll fly to Puerto Jimenez from San Jose or drive five hours out of Boquete, Panama and boat across Golfo Dulce after a border crossing right out of the ‘wild west’.  Deep sea fishing enthusiasts will want to stay more than one night in the port.  There are also excellent surfing and birding opportunities from this hub.

When you are ready to leave civilization, you’ll enjoy a two hour drive on dirt roads from the port to Carate, crossing several large rivers.  After this road, you’ll be ready for the 45 minute hike along a pristine beach bordered by tropical jungles to reach a comfortable eco-lodge with excellent food.  Your bags will follow by pony cart.  Here you are in paradise.

When you are ready to hike into the national park, it is important to time the tides.  It is six hours to the first ranger station and your biologist guide will point out animals, plants, and native burial grounds.  You’ll drink fresh coconut milk, enjoy crustaceans, and maybe even have fresh cacao for dessert.  You’ll see thousands of phyto-geographically unique plants, rare insects, and a stunning population of birds, mammals, reptiles, and marine life.

You’ll sleep at the ranger’s station (tents or dorms) and share meals unless you packed your own grub.  Now you have many exciting options.  You can explore the surrounding areas looking for tapirs, monkeys, scarlet macaws, crocodiles, anteaters, and snakes.  You can rest up for a night hike to see the jungle’s nocturnal side.  You can hike to the next ranger station for more camping, indigenous villages, and a different return route.   Or, you can return the way you came via the eco lodge.

The Osa has something for everyone’s thirst for adventure.  We recommend a week and will arrange for more or less comfort depending on how much wilderness you seek to explore.  This is an unforgettable journey with authentic jungle experiences within reach of all types of travelers.

BIRDING IN PANAMA

Panama is a birder’s heaven.  This tiny isthmus is a nestled between two oceans, serving as a land bridge for birds migrating between two continents.  Panama has more species of birds than any other Central American nation including Costa Rica, which has built a reputation as an eco-tourism center.  With a land mass approximately equal to that of S. Carolina (and a much smaller human population), Panama is home to roughly 1000 species of birds including 150 migratory species, 50 species of raptors, 18 species of parrots, and 12 species found nowhere else in the world.

Where else will birders find, in a very small area, a dozen species of tanagers and trogons, the giant blue-and-gold macaw, keel-billed toucans (pictured here), and unique species such as ant birds, umbrella birds, harpy eagles, and quetzals?  With such a dizzying array of opportunities, where should birders new to Panama begin?

Birding near Panama City

Surprisingly, one of the best birding spots on the isthmus is a day trip from the cosmopolitan capital, Panama City.  The Canopy Tower at Parque Nacional Soberania is a logical starting point.  Where have ornithologists found more birds from their ‘life-lists’ in a single day than anywhere else on the planet?  Soberania’s pipeline trail holds the title.  Many of the bird species residing in the park’s 55,000 acres can be seen on this 10-mile hike.  There are too many species to list here!  There are also medium and short birding hikes featuring ant birds and waterfalls.

Leaving Panama City, there is a Canopy Lodge at El Valle de Anton that specializes in birding that provides an excellent stop over location in route the Azuero Peninsula.

Birding from the Azuero Peninsula

The remote Azuero is Panama’s heartland and home to another of the country’s top birding spots.  Playa El Agallito near the town of Chitre exposes mud flats at low tide.  Here you will find birds migrating between Alaska and Argentina.  Birders can contact Biologist Francisco Delgado at (507) 996-1725 for a guided tour to see spoonbills, terns, egrets, pharalopes, stilts, and thousand-member flocks of many shorebird species.

More than 160 migratory species can be found in Paque Nacional Sarigua, a 20,000 acre park with mangroves, lagoons, and ranger station with an excellent perch.  Visitors to the Azuero will also stop at Bahia de Parita and many refuges, islands, and reserves with freshwater wetlands and marshes that are home to fulvous whistling ducks, limpkins, glossy ibis, black-crowned night herons, blue-footed boobies, frigate birds, and white ibises.  Visit www.anam.gob.pa for links to the Azuero’s many excellent birding sites. 

If you visit the Azuero during Carnaval, visit Las Tablas where you’ll find another elegant ‘bird’.  Graceful beauty queens parade in costumed bikinis and extravagant polleras.  Don’t try to arrive the week of Ash Wednesday without confirming lodging reservations well in advance.

This author’s favorite beach hideaway on the Azuero is Playa Venado.  Here there is excellent lodging on a pristine shore, a Smithsonian outpost, and day trips to islands that are home to herons, terns, noddies, and boobies.

Birding in Panama’s Northern Highlands

Boquete is the Valley of Eternal Spring.  Here you’ll find harpy eagles, violet-eared hummingbirds, three-wattled bellbirds, yellow-thighed finches, black-chested warblers, and many birders favorite trogan – quetzals – abound in the shadow of Volcan Baru, Panama’s highest elevation.   Boquete was settled by European immigrants and maintains the largest population of indigenous Ngobe peoples and expatriates living side-by-side.  Flower fincas and coffee plantations line this picturesque valley.

From Cerra Punta you’ll find the easiest access to the magnificent Parque Internacional La Amistad, 1,500 square miles that his home to 225 bird species, including the largest concentration of quetzals in C. America. 

In both of these locations, you can stay in birder-friendly lodging with nature trails onsite and balcony views of quetzals.  There are also many bird-rich, cloud forest hikes in the area, including the hike to summit the volcano and a hike to an eco-lodge with outstanding wildlife viewing.

Birding on Isla Coiba

Scarlet macaws make their home in this marine park comprised of 39-islands surrounding Panama’s largest island.  Mostly virgin rainforest, you’ll find 147 species of birds on Isla Coiba, including 21 that are native to the island.  The Coiba spinetail, crested eagles, white-faced monkeys, crocodiles, snakes, and whales are the scarlet macaw’s neighbors.  It is best to visit by private charter flights or charter boats which can be arranged from Chiriqui.  Boaters often choose to fish their way back to the mainland.

Birding in Bocas del Toro

There are many parks in this province but the best birding is in the transition zone between Parque Internacional La Amistad and the tourist-friend islands on the coast.  The options are Bosque Protector Palo Seco and Reserva Forestal Fortuna.  There are several ecological projects in this transition zone where reforestation is being implemented to mediate the effects of slash-and-burn agriculture, cattle-ranching, and illegal logging.  Contact a destination expert to arrange guided excursions into the best birding areas which are near Altos de Valle’s or check in at the area’s ANAM ranger station on the Fortuna highway.

Birding in the Darien

One of the most remote places on the planet, Parque Nacional Darien is an UNESCO World Heritage Site, a Biosphere Reserve, and Panama’s birding mecca.  The Darien is home to 450 bird species including 6 species of macaws, parrots, ibises, and harpy eagles.  There are also poisonous dart frogs, crocodiles, big cats, and snakes.  Guides are required and access is limited, which is fortunate for endangered species.  Journeys require registration with the police prior to departure, due to the presence of smugglers in this border area between S. America and the Panama Canal. 

Sailing or kayaking the San Blas Islands provides birding along with glimpses into the indigenous Kuna Yale culture.  Perhaps the best option for birding in the Darien is the Kuna-run Burbayar Eco-lodge where the elevation is favorable and there are six trails on the lodge’s private reserve.  River journeys to the Darien should be booked with a destination expert. 

Timing Your Birding Visit

Despite Panama’s modest size, it is impossible to enjoy all the places listed here in less than three weeks time without feeling rushed.  Birders with one or two weeks can prioritize their destinations according to their other interests because each of these destinations offers world-class birding opportunities.  The rugged Darien is in stark contrast to the many first-world comforts to be discovered in Panama.  The best time to visit is between Christmas and Easter.

View from atop Volcán Barú

Volcan Baru is Central America’s most spectacular peak.  The Baru Volcano is at the heart of Parque Nacional Volcan Baru.  It is halfway between Belize and Bogota and adjacent to International Park Amistad, an UNESCO World Heritage Site.  From its summit one can view the Pacific Ocean, southern Costa Rica, the Caribbean Sea, and a good portion of Panama’s northern highlands.  Dawn atop Volcan Baru is a photographer’s dream.

The whistles of the quetzal – so splendid it was worshipped by the Maya as a sacred bird – entertain the few hikers brave enough to ascend 6,100’ over eight miles to the volcano’s 11,400’ summit.  Many of Panama’s 50 species of raptors can be seen soaring for prey, as can hummingbirds – the main pollinators of the numerous and exotic species of Heliconias.  Five species of cats make their home in this cloud forest; pumas are most numerous.  One species in short supply is mankind.

The shortest ascent is via El Salto, the author’s home, at 5,000 feet.  Allow 5.5 hours in thin air, and plan to leave around midnight to navigate a crude path in the dark.  To enjoy vistas too magnificent for words, hikers must reach the summit before clouds and fog form mid-morning.  Hikers enjoy breakfast at the summit and descend in periodic or constant rains for well-deserved feasting and resting before posting photos on the Internet bragging of their accomplishment.

Insider’s tip from Dave at Hostal Boquete:  make sure your camera is fully charged. The journey is 10-hours walking plus 1.5 hours drive from Boquete to the trailhead and back to the pueblo.  Essentials: flashlight, quality footwear, warm clothes, gloves, rain gear, 2.5 liters of water, food, and sun block.

Coffee is integral to the culture of highland Central America.  Boquete, Chiriqui, near the Costa Rican border, is the Napa Valley of coffee, with over 20 local labels, tasting rooms, and finca tours.  Coffee aficionados from www.UniqueCoffee.com will be travelling to Boquete in Feburary.  In the meantime, notes from Roaster Seth Appell’s most recent visit to C. America are worth sharing…

“In a noble social experiment, the country of Costa Rica shunned the expense of a national army, investing instead in the building of schools and hospitals, providing low-cost education and healthcare for the general population. Rather than following the colonial model of large tracts of farmland owned by the wealthy minority, agricultural centers were built upon a cooperative model, providing coffee plants, education and materials at cost or free for anyone with even the smallest amount of arable land.

Spend a day with the members of CoopePalmares, and you quickly begin to understand the wealth and freedom of this country that values its families, heritage, and the skills necessary to produce truly fine coffee.

In the center of every coffee field is a home. Each proud farmer we met was born in the center of his own two or three acre coffee field. A man can tend two or three acres of coffee trees with his own hands. For 365 days a year, a farmer cultivates his tree’s, cleans the soil of weeds, and prepares for a harvest that returns a meager third of his income. 250 coffee trees produces that two sacks, or 300 pounds of coffee. And yet with this he sends his children to college. At harvest time the entire country returns to its roots. Children come home from school, and families reunite to harvest coffee across the country.

It is a fact that during my entire stay, I never met a man working at any job whose family was not involved in the coffee back home. It’s a simple fact of life that coffee provides only a portion of the income necessary for a good life, and indeed Costa Rica is a country with a comfortable middle-class. The spirit of “Pura Vida”, the pure life, is the spirit of the Costa Rican people.”

Coffee pickers from the indigenous Ngöbe are beginning to return from Costa Rica to their native Panama.  They have been helping with the larger cooperative’s harvests.  It is encouraging to realize how Panama respects its indigenous peoples.  The atlas reveals that Panama’s population is comprised of 8.4% indigenous peoples.  This atlas has a page for each tribe’s land area (Comarca).  Quick arithmetic reveals that Panama has reserved 20% of its land for its first Americans.  Panama’s Comarca’s are not marginal lands; but prime property.  This is tangible respect.

I recently had the joy of meeting Dra. Maria Ruiz of Boquete’s Casa Ruiz.  We discussed coffee and philosophy.  I was mesmerized by Dra. Ruiz’s perspective on the subject of creating peace within a community.  “Peace results when people respect (and feel respected by) their neighbors”.   Respect is a reoccurring theme this week.

This theme reminds me of a recent journey to meet the people of Latin America’s last kingdom, the Naso.  The Naso Comarca is on Panama’s Rio Teribe, where villagers live in harmony with the land, off the grid, growing almost everything they need to thrive gracefully in concert with Mother Earth, including coffee and cacao for chocolate.  The Naso raft down river to trade surplus crops for grains and other incidentals.  My children couldn’t believe how happy the Naso children are without electronic diversions.

Unlike the Naso, many Ngöbe live outside of their Comarcas.  Like Costa Rica, entire families are involved in harvest coffee.  Unlike Costa Rica, many farms are too large to be owner tended, and the Ngöbe people tend the crops year round, living on the fincas.  Others follow harvests and return to their Comarca for the balance of the year.  The return of the harvesters is an exciting time in Boquete and, for several months each year, the entire pueblo revolves around coffee, festivals, and the holidays.

For information on an upscale tour of this area and some of its finer cafes, fincas, and many rainforest adventures, check out our Coffee Culture Tour link.

 

This photo is our new driveway, having recently abandoned the classic American pursuit for riches to farm and build a more peaceful life in C. America.   This post focuses on one expatriate couple’s grass-roots endeavor to bring a healing arts sanctuary and eco-retreat to the rainforest,  refocusing their lives on what matters most, “being here, now” rather than living for the future.

We found the perfect site.  More accurately, la tierra nos encontró.  It is secluded, bordered by three small waterfalls and a creek.   We’re minutes from the gate to the National Park that is home to C. America’s highest peak, Volcan Baru, where one can enjoy views of the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean by simply turning around. 

Michelle is planning yoga, massage, Reiki and medicine wheel offerings.  Our guests will summit a volcano, pick coffee and cacao to take home, zip line in the rainforest canopy, enjoy whitewater rafting and explore beaches on two coasts that are separated by only 50 miles.  At 7000 feet, we’re in the thin mountain air where cool nights push insects and snakes toward the coasts.  Our backyard is the mountainous UNESCO World Heritage Site, International Park ‘Amistad’, which straddles the border with Costa Rica.  ‘Amistad’ is Spanish for friendship.

We will add an eco-lodge to this land.  The name is ‘El Santuario del Volcan Baru’ which translates to ‘The Sanctuary of the Volcano Baru.  One goal is to preserve native vegetation while providing trails for visitors to access its wonders.  Coffee will continue to be cultivated in the shade of native vegetation, along with the organic fruits and vegetables.  There is much to learn about coffee culture.  Boquete native Nico Guerra has been working this coffee plantation since he fell in love with it in 1953. One-third is planted with coffee, bananas, citrus, chayote, and beans.  The remaining two-thirds is native habitat. 

The delightful village of Boquete is ten minutes away, in “the valley of eternal spring”.   The temperature hits 80 degrees (F) daily, but evenings and mornings often require a sweater.  In Boquete,   18,000 residents include many expats from the European Union, N. America & South America.  In the streets one hears French, German, Italian, English, and Spanish within a few blocks walk.  There is a bar furnished entirely with art and furniture from Africa.   Taxis are less than a dollar.   Genuinely helpful locals abound …and their assistance is not contrived in pursuit of a tip.

Large multi-national corporations do not rule in Chiriqui.  There is no Starbucks in Boquete; its coffee could not begin to compete; its canned faux Italian ambiance unnecessary.  Wal-Mart?  “Everyday low prices” are already here, without Chinese workers residing in company-owned factories in squalor reminiscent of the confederacy.  Kraft “cheese”?  Chiriquianos are accustomed to local dairy products from grass-fed cattle which they pass on the way to the rodeo.  People live close to the land.  Less is more.  What seems to matter most to Chiriqui natives is family, fun, and friends.  Work is the means to an end.

People here grasp that nobody’s dying wish is “more time at the office”.  The culture here is very supportive for healing from the toxic consumer culture prevalent in the USA.   Why not immigrate south and make room for another to immigrate north?  Lessons from the dichotomy are relevant and poignant in this age of plastic surgery and antidepressant prescriptions.  Paradise may not be in New Jersey, Orlando, or Salt Lake City …or anywhere thereabouts.  What price, paradise?  We don’t have the answer yet, but we have a solid direction which feels good.

At El Santuario, structures will be simple and primitive, yet comfortable, built with local materials from Chiriqui, with the smallest footprint possible for a healing arts sanctuary with seven artisanal bungalows and a modest home with a commercial kitchen and dining space for two dozen.  Here we will discuss change from the heart as the focus of our work and our guest’s experience.  Coffee will continue to be cultivated with longstanding local traditions that allow Boquete beans to win international cupping contests annually.  Guests will have the option to pitch in for culinary rewards.  There is much to learn about this finca (farm) and its present foreman, Nivardo Montezuma.  These are valuable lessons.

Sr. Montezuma, like many of our new neighbors, is one of Panama’s indigenous Ngobe-Bugle, the largest group of pre-colonial peoples in the country.  We must learn this culture if we are to be good neighbors.  We hope to work with our new neighbors on a partnership basis, sharing with them in the yield of any crops we tend together.  The Ngobe-Bugle are not divorced from their traditional culture and food supply, like most indigenous and post-colonial peoples in the USA.  We look forward to creating a cooperative partnership with everyone working the land with us.  We will improve our Spanish and study the Ngobe-Bugle language in order to learn from Srs. Guerra & Montezuma.

Another challenge will be striking a balance between the ecological preservation of the rainforest, the crops, and development of the healing arts eco-retreat that is ‘El Santuario’.  This will be accomplished using alternative energy and waste management technologies.  Our goal is generate our own power, compost, recycle, and operate “off-the-grid” as a self-sufficient operation.  We will replant native vegetation as the sole form of landscaping on the two-thirds of land not under cultivation.  We will stop to smell the flowers. 

Preservation of wildlife is a critical goal, but we are newcomers here and Ngobe-Bugle have been known to over hunt.  Without ant eaters, for example, there are far too many ants.  For controlling the insect population, pesticides are a poor option to natural predators.  To be organic and maintain the balance of the rainforest ecology, we must teach as well as learn.  The beautiful 45-pound giant anteater is close to extinction.  The ancestral headdresses of the Ngobe-Bugle are made from its fur.  Yet, our modern Ngobe-Bugle neighbors create less than one percent of the average New Yorker’s waste, carbon footprint, and smog.  They laugh more frequently, and walk daily in paradise (instead of sitting in traffic for 20% of their daylight hours).

For those of you following this blog to learn more about one family’s journey toward wellness in the rainforest, regular posts on this project will appear at Blogspot.com.  This WordPress blog will continue to focus on Mexico, C. & S. American journeys.  Please send comments and questions.  Stay tuned and don’t be shy about visiting Boquete.  The air and water are pure.  Smiles are bountiful.  Children safely roam the streets unattended.  The climate is perfect. 

We look forward to sharing our healing journey and to learning about yours.  If we can share hints about living in harmony with nature as a meaningful alternative to consumer culture, we’ll consider our mission accomplished.  Whenever we learn from our guests how to live more fulfilling lives outside of the ‘bigger, better, faster, more’ mentality that is destroying our ecology and culture, we will share such gems with future guests.  We are all students and teachers. 

Together, we can heal this planet; we can heal our communities; we can mend our relationships with those we love.  We can accomplish these goals by living in respectful gratitude for what truly matters.  At El Santuario del Volcan Baru, we will devote much energy toward discovery of the answer to the question, “What truly matters”?  Most importantly, we will explore with guests methods for manifesting more of this precious commodity in our lives and yours. 

As our dear friend June advises … Onward & Namaste!

Cafe Ruiz is located in the Boquete valley, pictured below. Boquete is situated in the rainforest of the fertile western highlands of Panama. Here the cloud forest´s abundant moisture and the volcanic soil combine with ideal growing conditions to produce some of the world´s best coffee. Panama is at the same latitude as Ethiopia which is home to the Arabica tree, the oldest and best tasting species of coffee in the world.

Coffee is harvested by hand in Boquete, from October through March. There is amazing attention to quality through the following 12-step process, according to our guide Israel of Casa Ruiz:

1. Selection by hand of only ripe beans.
2. Sorting by density with water. Beans that float indicate damage from insects, fungus, or sunlight, so only the beans that sink are utilized. Floaters are sold to other companies which put their brand on the coffee – Cafe Ruiz will not.
3. Pulping to remove the liquid that would lead to over fermentation.
4. Fermentation
5. Washing
6. Drying
7. Resting to age the beans for 4 months to allow for detection of defects that passed through the processes above.
8. Peeling off the parchment.
9. Sorting by size (there are 13 sizes), density by air (weight), and color. Only the green beans go forward. Yellow indicates the bean was picked too soon, black too late, and blue or red indicate fungus.
10. The good sizes are mixed back together.
11. Batch roasting to allow for selection by taste.
12. Final grading

There are three grades:

Specialty – for export. This grade constitutes 80% of the yield of Casa Ruiz farms. There are 11 major farms and many other small, family farms which bring their beans to Casa Ruiz for processing.

Premium – This grade receives all the processing above, except for color processing, and is not exported.

Standard – This grade is also for the domestic market.

The most award-winning farm in the Casa Ruiz enterprise is La Berlina, which sells for $25 – $50 per pound, at the farm, depending on the yield in any given year. It consistently places in French, USA, and Panamanian cupping competitions. I bought some of this for my friend Seth, who is a coffee aficionado, and will post his remarks soon.

Cafe Geisha has sold for up to $130 per pound, at the farm. Sorry Seth, I can´t afford it!

Cafe Ruiz doesn´t export roasted coffee, but they do roast. We saw the company´s first roaster – a bowl that was placed in a fire, their first roasting machine, from France, and every machine they have used since then. Five roasts are observed. Approximate times follow:

1. Gourmet – 13 minutes
2. European – 14 minutes
3. Latin – 15 minutes
4. Italian – 18 minutes
5. French – 20 minutes, at which point the beans lose all subtle flavors and become like Starbuck´s beans – burnt.

We had the pleasure of meeting Plinio Ruiz, son of the 85-year old Plinio Ruiz who was the 2nd generation of coffee growers behind his father who homesteaded in Boquete in the 1890´s.

Join us in October and we´ll tour the fields, processing plants, roasting room, and cafe!

To buy coffee from C. America in the USA, roasted by my friend Seth the same day he ships it to you, visit http://www.uniquecoffee.com/ (Seth stocks Cafe Ruiz when available.)